Trans Fats may Lead to Bigger Babies
The study, reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, centered on nearly 1,400 pregnant women. It found that the higher the woman's intake of trans fats -- which raise "bad" LDL cholesterol, but also lower heart-healthy HDL cholesterol -- during the second trimester of pregnancy, the larger her newborn was.
The study did not prove that trans fats alone boost fetal growth, and if they did, it is unclear how harmful that could be. However, there are risks to having a larger-than-normal newborn, said lead researcher Juliana Cohen, of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston.
Big babies may have to be delivered by Ceasarean-section, and studies have found that they may have increased risks of diabetes and heart disease later in life, Cohen added.
"It's prudent to limit trans fats in your diet anyway. Pregnant women may want to think about how (the fats) could affect fetal growth as well," she said.
Artificial trans fats are found in foods that contain partially hydrogenated oils, including many baked and fried packaged foods like chips, crackers and cookies, as well as fast food.
Some meat and dairy products contain natural trans fats, but people get the bulk of their trans fat in the artificial form -- although food producers and some restaurants have been cutting back in response to poor publicity.
The latest study was based on about 1,400 Boston-area women who gave birth between 1999 and 2002. The women completed dietary questionnaires during their first and second trimesters.
The relationship between higher trans fat intake and birth size held even after researchers accounted for factors such as pre-pregnancy body weight, income, education and calorie intake.
They calculated that for every 1% increase in trans fat as a replacement for carbohydrates in a woman's daily diet, her baby's fetal growth "Z score" -- which takes into account a newborn's birth weight and the week of pregnancy during which the baby was born -- inched up slightly.
Cohen said that while the effects of this would likely be limited in later life, the foods that contain trans fats were best limited for overall health.
Unfortunately, she added, these sorts of foods are often the ones women crave during pregnancy.
From the October 14, 2011, Prepared Foods' Daily News.
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